10 characteristics of the Archaea domain

He Archaeological domain It is a biological category of classification that is made up of different and small organisms with a single cell, called archaea themselves or also known as archaea (formerly archaebacteria).

Characteristics of the archaean domain

1. It is a domain and a taxonomic kingdom: The biological taxonomy it's divided in domains, kingdoms and phyla, in that specific order, and in the case of the archaea, are organized in such a way that their domain is also their only kingdom, made up of different phyla, namely: Korarchaeota, Crenarchaeota, Euryarchaeota. These subcategories are still under constant study and biological analysis to establish differences and particular characteristics.
2. It consists of single-celled organisms without a nucleus: Initially, for his prokaryotic condition (without nucleus) the archaea were considered bacteria and, therefore, they were part of this domain, however, as a result of the analysis and specialized studies of science, their marked genetic and biochemical difference with bacteria was determined, and they came to form their own taxonomic domain. However, despite this, it continues to maintain its particular prokaryotic characteristic.
3. They are organisms visible only at the microscopic level: The average size of an archaea is of 0.1 µm to 15 µm or a little more, therefore, it can only be visualized through a microscope, through which many of its physical characteristics that resemble bacteria have been observed. exist archaea in the form of spirals, bars, plates, etc. Whose forms have been possible to establish through microscopic analysis.
4. They are closely related to bacteria: As indicated, archaea are microorganisms that, in the first instance, were considered bacteria, because they have certain characteristics similar to them, such as the fact that they have no nucleus or internal membranes, be asexual, feed on energy, in shape, in size, in which both also have cell walls, etc... However, at present, even when they are no longer considered part of the domain of bacteria, they continue to be closely related to them, due to these similarities. Now, it is necessary to emphasize that these are organisms with a completely different genetic and metabolic makeup.
5. They are made up of proteins: Proteins are enlarged molecules that are created from amino acid links or organic molecules in line. In some archaea, the existence of these macromolecules has been determined, specifically those that are related to the cytoskeleton and with the filaments.



6. Their metabolism is varied: That is, they are biological elements that have the ability to produce changes in different ways, namely: converting inorganic matter into organic matter from light (photosynthesis), from carbon dioxide (chemoautotrophy), among other processes through from which make the most of inorganic and organic elements for their own benefit.
7. They are asexual: To reproduce, these organisms use the genetic duplication by bipartition wave division by fragmentation and also for gemmation. Each of them is a form of asexual reproduction, which only requires certain specific climatic conditions in each case.
8. They are microorganisms that survive inhospitable climates: Archaea or archaea are microorganisms that can develop in practically any environment, cold, warm, wet, dry, hot, etc. Even in environments or climates considered inhospitable, which is why they have been classified by many as extremophiles, that is, as cellular organisms that can proliferate in extreme environments or conditions.
9. They feed on natural energy: In order to survive and execute their reproductive processes efficiently and effectively, the archaea use different natural elements that nourish them and make them strong, among them the energy and the sunshine. However, since the extremophile characteristic of these organisms is known, it is possible that they feed on almost any natural element available. Therefore, the most correct thing would be to indicate that the archaea are characterized by using natural elements to nourish and reproduce effectively.
10. There are several types that are still scientifically analyzed: Pointed out in advance, Korarchaeota, Crenarchaeota, Euryarchaeota, are some of the types or phyla of the archaea domain that have currently been highlighted and that are still under constant analysis, in order to establish other characteristics that help the ecosystem, the development of science and the taxonomic classification of living organisms.

All organisms that present certain peculiarities that make them unique on the face of the Earth, capable of providing sufficient information to establish new cellular processes hitherto unknown.

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